Greek names
From Greek myth, the New Testament, and twenty-five centuries of philosophy. Names that come with a built-in story.
126 names in the library
Greek is one of the world's oldest continuously recorded languages. Its earliest written form, Mycenaean Greek, survives on clay tablets in the Linear B script from roughly the sixteenth to the twelfth centuries BC. The same language, later written in the Greek alphabet, has been recorded ever since, and it is still spoken today in Greece and Cyprus. The names carried in that long record reach English along two great streams: the mythological and heroic names of the ancient world, and the Christian names of saints spread through the Orthodox and the wider church.
The older stream comes from myth, epic, and ordinary Greek words. Penelope is the faithful wife in Homer's Odyssey, though her name has been debated since antiquity, tied by some to pene, a thread on the loom, and by others to a kind of duck. Chloe was a common word for the green shoots of spring and served as an epithet of Demeter, goddess of the harvest. Zoe is simply the Greek word for life. Greek-speaking Jews used it to translate the name Eve, and early Christians took it up for its sense of everlasting life. These names entered English carrying their plain meanings largely intact.
The second stream is Christian. As the church honored its saints, Greek names traveled far beyond Greece, and many are built from a small set of repeating parts. Nike means victory, theos means god, philos means loving, and andros is the genitive of the word for man. Nicholas joins nike and laos, people, for victory of the people. Theodore pairs theos and doron, gift, for gift of God. Alexander combines alexein, to defend, with andros, giving defender of men. Anastasia comes from anastasis, resurrection, a fitting name in a faith centered on Easter.
Greek names became foundational in English through three channels: the Greek text of the New Testament, the veneration of saints, and the classical revival that made ancient names fashionable again. Some glosses remain contested. Katherine is often read as pure, from katharos, but that link is probably a later association, and the name's true origin is uncertain. The library gathers both streams together. Alexander and Alexandra, Nicholas, Theodore, and Anastasia carry the roots of the church, while Sophia (wisdom), Zoe, Chloe, Penelope, and Melody (song) carry the older Greek words, and the same building blocks recur from one name to the next.
Names in the library
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Adonis
MasculineLord, master
əˈdɒn.ɪs
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Alani
FeminineOrange tree, or 'precious'
əˈlɑ.ni
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Alayna
FeminineLight; little rock
əˈleɪ.nə
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Alejandro
MasculineDefender of people
ˌɑ.lɛˈhɑn.droʊ
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Alessandra
FeminineDefender of men
ˌæl.əˈsɑːn.drə
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Alessandro
MasculineDefender of men
ˌæl.ɛsˈsɑːn.droʊ
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Alessia
FeminineDefender
əˈlɛs.i.ə
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Alex
MasculineDefender of people
ˈæl.ɪks
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Alexander
MasculineDefender of people
ˌæl.ɪɡˈzæn.dɚ
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Alexandra
FeminineDefender of people
ˌæl.ɪɡˈzæn.drə
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Alexandria
FeminineDefender of mankind
ˌæl.ɪɡˈzæn.dri.ə
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Alyssa
FeminineAlyssum flower; rational
əˈlɪs.ə
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Anastasia
FeminineResurrection
ˌæn.əˈsteɪ.ʒə
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Ander
MasculineManly, strong
ˈɑːn.dər
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Andre
MasculineManly, brave
ˈɑːn.dreɪ
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Andrea
FeminineManly, brave
ˈæn.dri.ə
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Andres
MasculineManly, brave
ɑnˈdrɛs
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Andrew
MasculineManly, brave
ˈæn.dru
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Angel
UnisexMessenger of God
ˈeɪn.dʒəl
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Angela
FeminineAngel, messenger
ˈæn.dʒə.lə
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Angelina
FeminineLittle angel
ˌæn.dʒəˈliː.nə
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Angelo
MasculineAngel, messenger
ˈæn.dʒə.loʊ
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Apollo
MasculineGreek god of sun, music, prophecy
əˈpɒl.oʊ
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Ares
MasculineGreek god of war
ˈɛər.iːz
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Athena
FeminineAthenian goddess
əˈθi.nə
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Atlas
MasculineBearer, enduring
ˈæt.ləs
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Atticus
MasculineFrom Attica
ˈæt.ɪ.kəs
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Azalea
FeminineThe azalea flower
əˈzeɪl.jə
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Callie
FeminineBeautiful
ˈkæl.i
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Calliope
FeminineBeautiful voice
kəˈlaɪ.ə.pi
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Catalina
FemininePure
ˌkæt.əˈli.nə
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Catherine
FemininePure
ˈkæθ.ər.ɪn
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Chloe
FeminineYoung green shoot
ˈkloʊ.i
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Christian
MasculineFollower of Christ
ˈkrɪs.tʃən
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Christopher
MasculineChrist-bearer
ˈkrɪs.tə.fɚ
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Colette
FeminineVictory of the people
kɒˈlɛt
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Cora
FeminineMaiden
ˈkɔr.ə
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Damian
MasculineTame, gentle
ˈdeɪ.mi.ən
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Damien
MasculineTo tame, subdue
ˈdeɪ.mi.ən
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Damon
MasculineTo tame, subdue
ˈdeɪ.mən
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Daphne
FeminineLaurel
ˈdæf.ni
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Demi
FeminineHalf; or short for Demetria
ˈdɛm.i
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Dorothy
FeminineGift of God
ˈdɔːr.ə.θi
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Elaina
FeminineLight, torch
əˈleɪ.nə
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Elaine
FeminineLight, torch
əˈleɪn
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Elena
FeminineShining light
ɛˈleɪ.nə
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Elias
MasculineYahweh is God
əˈlaɪ.əs
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Elio
MasculineSun
ˈɛl.i.oʊ
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Elora
FeminineA luminous blend
ɛˈlɔːr.ə
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Esteban
MasculineCrown, garland
ɛsˈteɪ.bɑːn
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Evangeline
FeminineGood news, gospel
ɪˈvæn.dʒə.liːn
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Genesis
FeminineOrigin, beginning
ˈdʒɛn.ə.sɪs
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George
MasculineFarmer, earth-worker
dʒɔrdʒ
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Georgia
FeminineFarmer, worker of the earth
ˈdʒɔr.dʒə
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Harmony
FeminineHarmony, concord
ˈhɑːr.mə.ni
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Hector
MasculineHolding fast, steadfast
ˈhɛk.tər
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Helen
FeminineTorch, light
ˈhɛl.ən
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Helena
FeminineTorch, light
ˈhɛl.ə.nə
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Iris
FeminineRainbow
ˈaɪ.rɪs
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Jason
MasculineHealer
ˈdʒeɪ.sən
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Joanna
FeminineGod is gracious
dʒoʊˈæn.ə
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Jorge
MasculineFarmer, earth-worker
ˈxɔːr.xeɪ
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Kaia
FemininePure, or 'sea'
ˈkaɪ.ə
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Kaitlyn
FemininePure
ˈkeɪt.lɪn
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Kali
FeminineThe dark one; or beautiful
ˈkɑː.li
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Katalina
FemininePure
ˌkæt.əˈliː.nə
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Kate
FemininePure
keɪt
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Katherine
FemininePure
ˈkæθ.ə.rɪn
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Khloe
FeminineYoung green shoot
ˈkloʊ.i
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Kora
FeminineMaiden
ˈkɔːr.ə
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Kyrie
UnisexLord
ˈkaɪ.ri
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Leandro
MasculineLion-man
liˈɑːn.droʊ
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Lena
FeminineLight, or short for Helena
ˈliː.nə
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Leon
MasculineLion
ˈliː.ɒn
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Leonidas
MasculineSon of the lion
liˈɒn.ɪ.dəs
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Lucas
MasculineFrom Lucania, or 'light'
ˈlu.kəs
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Lukas
MasculineFrom Lucania
ˈluː.kəs
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Luke
MasculineFrom Lucania, or 'light'
luk
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Lydia
FeminineFrom Lydia
ˈlɪd.i.ə
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Lyra
FeminineLyre (the constellation)
ˈlaɪ.rə
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Madeline
FeminineOf Magdala
ˈmæd.ə.lɪn
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Madelyn
FeminineOf Magdala
ˈmæd.ə.lɪn
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Maggie
FemininePearl
ˈmæɡ.i
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Maia
FeminineMother, great one
ˈmaɪ.ə
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Margaret
FemininePearl
ˈmɑr.ɡə.rət
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Margo
FemininePearl
ˈmɑːr.ɡoʊ
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Matthias
MasculineGift of God
məˈθaɪ.əs
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Melanie
FeminineBlack, dark
ˈmɛl.ə.ni
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Melany
FeminineDark, black
ˈmɛl.ə.ni
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Melissa
FeminineBee
məˈlɪs.ə
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Melody
FeminineSong, music
ˈmɛl.ə.di
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Nellie
FeminineLight; horn
ˈnɛl.i
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Nicholas
MasculineVictory of the people
ˈnɪk.ə.ləs
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Nico
MasculineVictory
ˈniː.koʊ
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Nicolas
MasculineVictory of the people
ˈnɪk.ə.ləs
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Nicole
FeminineVictory of the people
nɪˈkoʊl
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Niko
MasculineVictory of the people
ˈniː.koʊ
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Onyx
UnisexThe black gemstone
ˈɑː.nɪks
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Ophelia
FeminineHelp, benefit
oʊˈfiː.li.ə
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Orion
MasculineThe hunter
əˈraɪ.ən
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Penelope
FeminineWeaver, or 'duck'
pəˈnɛl.ə.pi
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Peter
MasculineRock, stone
ˈpi.tɚ
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Philip
MasculineLover of horses
ˈfɪl.ɪp
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Phoebe
FeminineBright, shining
ˈfi.bi
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Phoenix
UnisexThe firebird; deep red
ˈfiː.nɪks
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Sebastian
MasculineFrom Sebaste, or 'venerable'
sɪˈbæs.tʃən
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Selena
FeminineMoon
səˈliː.nə
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Silas
MasculineOf the forest, or short for Silvanus
ˈsaɪ.ləs
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Sofia
FeminineWisdom
soʊˈfi.ə
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Sophia
FeminineWisdom
soʊˈfi.ə
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Sophie
FeminineWisdom
ˈsoʊ.fi
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Stephanie
FeminineCrown, garland
ˈstɛf.ə.ni
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Stephen
MasculineCrown, garland
ˈstiː.vən
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Steven
MasculineCrown, garland
ˈstiː.vən
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Sylas
MasculineOf the forest
ˈsaɪ.ləs
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Tessa
FeminineHarvester
ˈtɛs.ə
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Thea
FeminineGoddess
ˈθiː.ə
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Theo
MasculineGift of God, divine
ˈθi.oʊ
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Theodore
MasculineGift of God
ˈθi.ə.dɔr
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Timothy
MasculineHonoring God
ˈtɪm.ə.θi
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Tobias
MasculineGod is good
toʊˈbaɪ.əs
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Troy
MasculineThe ancient city; foot soldier
trɔɪ
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Xander
MasculineDefender of the people
ˈzæn.dər
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Zander
MasculineDefender of the people
ˈzæn.dər
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Zoe
FeminineLife
ˈzoʊ.i
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Zoey
FeminineLife
ˈzoʊ.i